Cloud services compared
Hard disks can't be feeling very happy these days: from music to movies, email to invoices, we're increasingly storing our important data in the cloud. Now that reliable and fast broadband and mobile broadband are available to most of us, the lure of the cloud is getting stronger – and it's being helped by a price war between competing cloud providers.
What's so great about the cloud?
Convenience. You're probably already using a cloud-based email service such as Gmail, Outlook or similar, so you'll be familiar with the idea of accessing it on whatever device happens to be handy: your smartphone, laptop, tablet, or even a borrowed PC in a hotel lobby.
Cloud computing brings that convenience to everything. Instead of transferring media files to your phone you simply stream MP3s or movies from faraway servers. Instead of copying crucial documents to flash drives or burning them to disc, you stick them in the cloud where they can't be left in the office or on a train.
Even more conveniently, much of this happens automatically – so for example cloud-based music services know when you've bought new music and make it available to all your devices immediately, and cloud-based storage knows when you've updated a file and updates its copy accordingly.
What are the downsides?
The cloud isn't much cop without an internet connection, although most services enable you to download files for times when you won't be able to get online. Some services are limited to specific hardware, so for example Apple isn't particularly interested in sharing data with Windows PCs (although that will change later this year when iOS 8 brings iCloud Drive, Apple's alternative to the all-conquering Dropbox).
There are also financial considerations. Cloud services generally have multiple tiers, with a free service for casual use and paid-for versions for more serious or demanding users. As we'll discover, there are huge differences between the various providers' prices.
So, without further ado, let's begin our examination of the major cloud players, and find out which might suit you best.
Cloud services compared: Google
Google has spent a lot of time refining its many cloud services, and there have been a few changes – so for example Google Docs has been rolled into the wider Google Drive service.
Drive's price plans have just been revamped, and there are now six tiers. Free accounts come with 15GB of storage, and if you need more you'll pay $1.99 (around £1.20, AU$2.15) per month for 100GB, $9.99 (around £5.95, AU$10.75) for 1TB and so on, rising to $299.99 (around £178, AU$323) for 30TB.
That storage is shared across three Google properties – Drive, Gmail and Google+ Photos – but it's only used for certain things. The documents, presentations or spreadsheets you build in Google Drive don't use any of your storage capacity, and neither do photos in Google+ if they're smaller than 2048 x 2048 pixels.
Google also offers a version of Drive for business users, Google Apps for Business, which starts at £3.30 (around US$5.50, AU$6) per user per month plus taxes. That provides 30GB of storage and guaranteed uptime (99.9%). If you want unlimited storage that's £6.60 (around US$11, AU$12) per user per month.
Getting collaborative
Google Drive is designed to do two things: create and share documents, and share files. By default you can create a new document, presentation, spreadsheet, form or drawing, and you can also connect third-party apps to add features such as note-taking, mind mapping, diagramming and even interior design.
Files you store on Drive can be accessed from phones and tablets with the Google Drive apps, and there are also desktop apps for PC and Mac that can automatically synchronise files between your computer and your Drive.
Google's own apps aren't as comprehensive as, say, Microsoft Office, but they aren't supposed to be – they're fast, easy to use and make commenting and collaborating effortless. Also, if you team them up with Google Mail and Google Calendar you're covered for most everyday business tasks.
That's work taken care of. What about play? Google Play is the entertainment arm of Google's cloud offerings, and it has five types of content: Android apps, movies and TV programmes, music, books and magazines.
The movies section offers both purchases and rentals, and the music section enables you to upload your own library as well as listen to songs you've purchased from Google. You get enough room for 20,000 songs, and music you buy from Play isn't included in your total.
Google Music Standard is free, and you can add Spotify-style streaming music with Google Music All Access. That's £9.99 (around US$17, AU$18) per month.
Google's cloud computers
Google's Chromebooks are designed as thin clients for Google's many online services. Sergey Brin called them a "new model of computing", but are they ready for primetime?
Forrester Research says yes, especially for business users. Speaking to business IT decision makers in the UK, Canada, France, Germany and the US, 28% of respondents said they were interested in Chromebooks.
The attraction is their simplicity. According to Forrester analyst JP Gownder, where deploying Windows PCs "requires time and effort from infrastructure and operations (I&O) professionals... Chromebooks require very little imaging; pilot users say any given device can be configured for a new user in under 15 minutes."
Low overheads, coupled with the ultra-low cost of Chromebooks, their simplicity and their suitability for mobile working, mean they're ideal business machines – unless you're doing business in China, where Gmail and Google Apps don't work.
Cloud services compared: Apple
It's safe to say that to date, Apple's cloud services have been disappointing. Storage space is miserly, we've been waiting for the UK launch of iTunes Radio for several years now, we often find ourselves tearing our hair out at iTunes Match's refusal to update its library – all the more annoying for a service that costs money, albeit just £21.99 (around US$37, AU$40) a year – and Apple only seems interested in sharing between Apple devices and Apple programs, not making files available on other platforms.
That's starting to change, though. Apple's online iWork office suite has improved considerably since launch, the iCloud Drive service launching this autumn will play nice with Windows and storage space will increase, although competitors are still considerably more generous.
At the moment, iCloud gives you 5GB for free – and that's shared among all your devices, so if you want to back up an iPhone and an iPad you'll soon run out of space. Apple rejigged its iCloud offering to compete more effectively with Google, Microsoft and other vendors.
20GB, 200GB, 500GB and 1TB tiers now cost £0.79, £2.99, £6.99 and £14.99 respectively ($0.99, $3.99, $9.99, $19.99 or AU$1.29, AU$4.99, AU$12.99 and $24.99). These are for monthly subscriptions; Apple has stopped doing annual ones.
iCloud's limitations
Until iCloud Drive is launched, iCloud lacks the power of its rivals. It will sync your calendar, contacts and email between devices, can be used to save web pages for later reading and, if your chosen apps support it, it can be used to sync files too.
Apple's own Keynote, Pages and Numbers support Documents in the Cloud, as do Garageband, Preview and TextEdit, but many Mac users prefer the more fully-featured and widely supported Dropbox. For example, if you use the music app Logic Pro X you can't save to an iCloud folder and sync your projects with other devices, but you can with Dropbox.
Misbehaving iTunes Match libraries aside, the media side of iCloud works very well indeed across Mac and iOS devices. You can buy a song on iTunes on the desktop and it'll magically appear on your iPhone or iPad, and if you've bought a movie or TV show on one device your Apple TV knows about it and knows where you left off watching.
Cloud services compared: Microsoft
Microsoft's been doing the cloud computing thing for decades: Hotmail (later Windows Live Hotmail, and now Outlook.com) was one of the first web-based email services, and Microsoft bought it back in 1997 when nobody really knew what cloud computing was. Its Azure platform powers many big businesses, and Xbox Live brought all kinds of entertainment to the Xbox.
When Google Docs first appeared, Microsoft didn't see it as a threat, but that belief has clearly changed. Today, Microsoft offers a range of cloud-connected Office services including the free Office Web Apps and the subscription-based Office 365.
Like Google, Microsoft has been revising its various cloud offerings, so for example its Live Mesh file syncing service was retired and replaced with SkyDrive. Legal action from Sky forced a name change, and SkyDrive is now known as OneDrive.
OneDrive is rather similar to Google Drive: you can use it to share and synchronise files between different devices, and you can create Word documents, Excel workbooks, PowerPoint presentations, OneNote notebooks and Excel surveys inside your browser.
In an aggressive move, Microsoft has dramatically increased the OneDrive storage from 7GB to 15GB for free users, and to a whopping 1TB for Office 365 subscribers (Home, Personal, University and Business; the cheapest option is just $6.99 – around £4, AU$7.50 – per month). If you don't want to subscribe to Office, extra storage is $1.99 (around £1.20, AU$2.15) per month for an additional 100GB.
OneDrive apps are available for Windows Vista onwards, for the Mac, for Windows Phone, Android and iOS, and like Google Drive there are also third-party apps that can use OneDrive for synchronisation. Examples include sketching apps, document scanners, PDF managers, notepad apps and document signing apps.
That's entertainment
When it comes to entertainment in the cloud, Microsoft's track record has been patchy. Redmond's MSN Music was a relatively unsuccessful rival to Apple's iTunes and was shut down in 2006, and its next attempt was tied to the supposed iPod-killing Zune music player. Just to keep things nice and confusing, the latest incarnation is called Xbox Music even though it isn't limited to the Xbox.
There are two versions of Xbox Music: a free, ad-supported streaming service, and the £8.99 (around US$15, AU$16) Xbox Music Pass, which adds offline listening on PC, tablet and phone, plus ad-free streaming and music videos on the Xbox 360 and Xbox One.
There's also a companion service, Xbox Video, which offers movie rentals and purchases, and once again works on PCs and tablets (Windows 8 and Windows RT only) as well as on the Xbox.
Cloud services compared: Amazon
Amazon isn't just the world's biggest retailer. It's one of the world's biggest cloud service providers, and its servers power some of the internet's favourite services.
In 2011 it decided to join the consumer cloud party too, and since then it's quietly added some very useful cloud-based features such as AutoRip, which automatically adds MP3 versions of CD or vinyl records you've bought to your cloud music player – and which checks through your purchase history to AutoRip CDs and records you've bought in the past.
AutoRip isn't perfect – it can only rip the records it has the digital rights for, so don't be entirely surprised if your prized 1977 punk rock B-side collections aren't covered. But it's still a clever and appealing feature, enabling you to stream music you can't remember you bought, or just listen to new purchases before the postman delivers the CD.
As CEO Jeff Bezos put it: "What would you say if you bought CDs, vinyl or even cassettes from a company 14 years ago, and then 14 years later that company licensed the rights from the record companies to give you the MP3 versions of those albums… and then to top it off, did that for you automatically and for free?"
The centrepiece of Amazon's consumer cloud services is Cloud Drive, which offers 5GB of free storage and comes with desktop (PC and Mac), iOS and Android apps. If 5GB is insufficient you can add additional storage, with plans available from 20GB (£6 per year – around $10, AU$11) to 1,000GB (£320 per year – around $540, AU$580). In the US, Amazon Fire Phone owners will also get unlimited photo storage from their device.
In July 2014, Amazon announced the launch of Zocalo, a secure enterprise storage service designed to compete with Dropbox and Box. Pricing is $5 (around £3, AU$5.40) per user per month for 200GB and the service is currently a "limited preview".
Prime mover
Amazon also offers music and movie services. Amazon Music (web, iOS, Kindle Fire and Android) is free for up to 250 songs plus all your Amazon MP3 purchases, or £21.99 (around $37, AU$40) per year for 250,000 tracks, and Amazon Prime free delivery customers get free access to Amazon Prime Instant Video, which is £5.99 (around $10, AU$11) per month as a standalone service. The video service works well on Macs, PCs and Amazon's own Kindle Fire devices, but it's less impressive on iOS, where HD video isn't available on iPads, and on Android, which it doesn't support for video playback.
Cloud services compared: Dropbox
Steve Jobs famously tried to buy Dropbox, but the nine-digit offer was rejected. Jobs then dismissed the whole thing – "He said we were a feature, not a product", recalls Dropbox's Drew Houston – and decided to stomp the fledgling service into the ground.
But, despite Apple's best efforts, Dropbox isn't letting itself get stomped. It has 300 million users and 4 million business customers, and the firm has supplemented its file and folder APIs with data APIs, enabling mobile app developers to share data as well as files over the service.
That's important because, unlike some rivals, Dropbox is multi-platform. You can install it on a Mac or PC, on a BlackBerry or a Kindle Fire, on an iPhone or iPad or Android device.
You can use it to sync and access music files, photos or movies, or you can use it as a hard drive in the sky, or you can use it for any other kind of content. For example, apps such as the excellent Scrivener writing program work with Dropbox so all your notes and scribbles are available from any device, while Unbound and Heliog offer beautiful image browsing for your Dropbox photos.
Free accounts start with 2GB of space, and you can earn additional space by referring others: you get 500MB extra space for each referral, and you can get up to 18GB in total without paying a penny. Pro plans start at $9.99 (around £6, AU$11) per month for 100GB, $19.99 (around £12, AU$21.50) for 200GB or $49.99 (around £30, AU$54) for 500GB, and business plans are $15 (around £9, AU$16) per user per month.
We've used Dropbox for thousands of files and we've found it rock-solid across a wide range of devices, but the firm's refusal to join in the cloud storage price wars have led to predictions that it will suffer while Microsoft and Google duke it out.
Dropbox thinks acquisition rather than rock-bottom pricing is the way to go, however, and it has acquired email program Mailbox, eReader platform Readmill, and several other services to add value to its overall offering.
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